Pengenalan Framework PHP

Keuntungan Menggunakan Framework

1. Development Speed 🚀

2. Code Organization 📁

# Struktur project terorganisir
app/
├── Controllers/     # Business logic
├── Models/         # Data layer  
├── Views/          # Presentation
├── Middleware/     # Request filtering
├── Services/       # Business services
└── Helpers/        # Utility functions

config/             # Configuration
database/           # Migrations & seeds  
public/             # Web accessible files
routes/             # Route definitions

3. Security 🛡️

4. Maintainability 🔧

5. Community & Ecosystem 👥

6. Performance & Scalability ⚡

• 🗄️ Caching: Built-in caching mechanisms (Redis, Memcached)
• 🔄 Database Optimization: Query optimization & connection pooling
• 📊 Profiling: Performance monitoring tools
• ☁️ Cloud Ready: Easy deployment to cloud platforms

Framework PHP Populer

Framework Popularity Stats

Cara Memilih Framework yang Tepat

Faktor-faktor Pertimbangan

Decision Matrix

Konsep Dasar Framework

1. MVC Architecture

<?php
// Model (app/Models/User.php)
class User extends Model {
    protected $table = 'users';
    protected $fillable = ['name', 'email', 'password'];
    
    public function posts() {
        return $this->hasMany(Post::class);
    }
}

// Controller (app/Controllers/UserController.php)
class UserController extends Controller {
    public function index() {
        $users = User::all();
        return view('users.index', compact('users'));
    }
    
    public function show($id) {
        $user = User::findOrFail($id);
        return view('users.show', compact('user'));
    }
}

// View (resources/views/users/index.blade.php)
@extends('layouts.app')

@section('content')
    <h1>Users</h1>
    @foreach($users as $user)
        <div>{{ $user->name }} - {{ $user->email }}</div>
    @endforeach
@endsection
?>

2. Routing

<?php
// Basic routes
Route::get('/', [HomeController::class, 'index']);
Route::get('/users', [UserController::class, 'index']);
Route::post('/users', [UserController::class, 'store']);

// Route parameters
Route::get('/users/{id}', [UserController::class, 'show']);
Route::get('/users/{id}/posts/{post}', [PostController::class, 'show']);

// Route groups
Route::prefix('api')->group(function () {
    Route::get('/users', [ApiUserController::class, 'index']);
    Route::post('/users', [ApiUserController::class, 'store']);
});

// Middleware
Route::middleware(['auth', 'admin'])->group(function () {
    Route::resource('admin/users', AdminUserController::class);
});
?>

3. Dependency Injection

<?php
// Service Container
class Container {
    private $bindings = [];
    private $instances = [];
    
    public function bind($abstract, $concrete) {
        $this->bindings[$abstract] = $concrete;
    }
    
    public function resolve($abstract) {
        if (isset($this->instances[$abstract])) {
            return $this->instances[$abstract];
        }
        
        $concrete = $this->bindings[$abstract] ?? $abstract;
        
        if ($concrete instanceof Closure) {
            $instance = $concrete($this);
        } else {
            $instance = $this->build($concrete);
        }
        
        $this->instances[$abstract] = $instance;
        return $instance;
    }
}

// Controller with dependency injection
class UserController extends Controller {
    private $userService;
    private $emailService;
    
    public function __construct(UserService $userService, EmailService $emailService) {
        $this->userService = $userService;
        $this->emailService = $emailService;
    }
    
    public function store(Request $request) {
        $user = $this->userService->create($request->all());
        $this->emailService->sendWelcome($user);
        
        return response()->json($user, 201);
    }
}
?>

4. Middleware

<?php
// Authentication middleware
class AuthMiddleware {
    public function handle($request, $next) {
        if (!auth()->check()) {
            return redirect('/login');
        }
        
        return $next($request);
    }
}

// CORS middleware
class CorsMiddleware {
    public function handle($request, $next) {
        $response = $next($request);
        
        $response->headers->set('Access-Control-Allow-Origin', '*');
        $response->headers->set('Access-Control-Allow-Methods', 'GET, POST, PUT, DELETE');
        $response->headers->set('Access-Control-Allow-Headers', 'Content-Type, Authorization');
        
        return $response;
    }
}

// Rate limiting middleware
class RateLimitMiddleware {
    public function handle($request, $next, $maxAttempts = 60) {
        $key = $request->ip();
        
        if ($this->tooManyAttempts($key, $maxAttempts)) {
            return response('Too Many Requests', 429);
        }
        
        $this->incrementAttempts($key);
        
        return $next($request);
    }
}
?>

5. ORM (Object-Relational Mapping)

<?php
// Model relationships
class User extends Model {
    public function posts() {
        return $this->hasMany(Post::class);
    }
    
    public function profile() {
        return $this->hasOne(Profile::class);
    }
    
    public function roles() {
        return $this->belongsToMany(Role::class);
    }
}

// Query builder
$users = User::where('active', true)
             ->where('created_at', '>', now()->subDays(30))
             ->with(['posts', 'profile'])
             ->orderBy('name')
             ->paginate(15);

// Eloquent operations
$user = new User();
$user->name = 'John Doe';
$user->email = 'john@example.com';
$user->save();

// Mass assignment
$user = User::create([
    'name' => 'Jane Doe',
    'email' => 'jane@example.com',
    'password' => bcrypt('password')
]);

// Updating
User::where('id', 1)->update(['last_login' => now()]);

// Soft deletes
$user->delete(); // Soft delete
$user->forceDelete(); // Permanent delete
?>

6. Configuration Management

<?php
// config/database.php
return [
    'default' => env('DB_CONNECTION', 'mysql'),
    
    'connections' => [
        'mysql' => [
            'driver' => 'mysql',
            'host' => env('DB_HOST', '127.0.0.1'),
            'port' => env('DB_PORT', '3306'),
            'database' => env('DB_DATABASE', 'forge'),
            'username' => env('DB_USERNAME', 'forge'),
            'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD', ''),
        ],
    ],
];

// .env file
APP_NAME=MyApp
APP_ENV=production
APP_DEBUG=false
APP_URL=https://myapp.com

DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=myapp
DB_USERNAME=root
DB_PASSWORD=secret
?>